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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ellsworth Huntington</span></h1>
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<p><b>Ellsworth Huntington</b> (* <a href="16._September" title="16. September">16. September</a> <a href="1876" title="1876">1876</a> in <a href="Galesburg_(Illinois)" title="Galesburg (Illinois)">Galesburg</a>, <a href="Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>; † <a href="17._Oktober" title="17. Oktober">17. Oktober</a> <a href="1947" title="1947">1947</a> in <a href="New_Haven_(Connecticut)" title="New Haven (Connecticut)">New Haven</a>, <a href="Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>) war ein US-amerikanischer <a href="Geograph" title="Geograph">Geograph</a> und <a href="%C3%96konom" class="mw-redirect" title="Ökonom">Ökonom</a>.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leben_und_Werk">Leben und Werk</h2></div>
<p>Er lehrte 1897 bis 1901 am <a href="Euphrat_College" title="Euphrat College">Euphrat College</a> in <a href="Harput" title="Harput">Harput</a> (nahe <a href="Elaz%C4%B1%C4%9F" title="Elazığ">Elâzığ</a>, Osttürkei), nahm an den Expeditionen von <a href="Raphael_Pumpelly" title="Raphael Pumpelly">Raphael Pumpelly</a> (1903) und Barrett (1905–1906) nach <a href="Zentralasien" title="Zentralasien">Zentralasien</a> teil und schrieb seine asiatischen Erfahrungen in <i>Explorations in Turkestan</i> (1905) und <i>The Pulse of Asia</i> (1907) nieder. Er lehrte von 1907 bis 1915 <a href="Geographie" title="Geographie">Geographie</a> an der <a href="Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> und ab 1917 war er dort <i>research associate</i>, er widmete sich besonders <a href="Klimatologie" title="Klimatologie">klimatischen</a> und <a href="Anthropogeographie" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthropogeographie">anthropogeographischen</a> Studien. 1916 wurde er in die <a href="American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a> gewählt.
</p><p>Huntington wurde für seine Studien über klimatischen Determinismus, <a href="Wirtschaftswachstum" title="Wirtschaftswachstum">Wirtschaftswachstum</a> und <a href="Wirtschaftsgeographie" title="Wirtschaftsgeographie">Wirtschaftsgeographie</a> bekannt. Er war Präsident des <i>Board of Directors</i> der <a href="American_Eugenics_Society" title="American Eugenics Society">American Eugenics Society</a>, der <i>Amerikanischen Gesellschaft für <a href="Eugenik" title="Eugenik">Eugenik</a></i>.
</p><p>Zu seinen Werken zählen <i>The Climatic Factor</i> (1914), <i>Civilization and Climate</i> (1915, rev. ed. 1924), und, mit S. S. Visher, <i>Climatic Changes</i> (1922). Er schrieb auch <i>Principles of Human Geography</i> (with S. W. Cushing, 5th ed. 1940) und <i>Mainsprings of Civilization</i> (1945). Er gilt als bekannter Vertreter <a href="Geodeterminismus" title="Geodeterminismus">klimadeterministischen Denkens</a>, das stark vereinfachend gesellschaftliche Folgen vor allem durch <a href="Klima%C3%A4nderung" class="mw-redirect" title="Klimaänderung">Klimaänderungen</a> erklären will.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In Anthropologenkreisen gefürchtet sind seine Werke <i>The Character of Races. As Influenced by Physical Environment, Natural Selection and Historical Development</i> (1924) und das frühere <i>Climate and Civilization</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Alexander_Aleksandrovich_Goldenweiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Aleksandrovich Goldenweiser">Alexander Goldenweiser</a>: <i>Anthropology.</i> New York 1946</li>
<li>Geoffrey J. Martin: <i>Ellsworth Huntington. His life and thought.</i> Shoe String Press Hamden 1973, ISBN 0-208-01347-4 (Archon books) – Mit Bibliographie.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.sub.uni-goettingen.de/DB=1/LNG=DU/CMD?ACT=SRCHA&IKT=1016&SRT=YOP&TRM=Ellsworth+Huntington">Werke von und über Ellsworth Huntington im Katalog der SUB Göttingen</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/browse/authors/h#a1106">Werke von Ellsworth Huntington im Projekt Gutenberg</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/huntington/"><i>The Secret of the Big Trees: Yosemite Sequoia and General Grant National Parks</i></a> (1921) von Ellsworth Huntington</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Franz_Mauelshagen" title="Franz Mauelshagen">Franz Mauelshagen</a>: <cite style="font-style:italic">Klimageschichte der Neuzeit</cite>. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 2010, ISBN 978-3-534-21024-4, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>21</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Ellsworth+Huntington&rft.au=Franz+Mauelshagen&rft.btitle=Klimageschichte+der+Neuzeit&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9783534210244&rft.pages=21&rft.place=Darmstadt&rft.pub=Wissenschaftliche+Buchgesellschaft" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Alexander Goldenweiser: <i>Anthropology.</i> New York 1946, S. 531: "This [= <i>The Character of Races</i>] and his earlier <i>Climate and Civilization</i> are almost unique as bad reasoning and faulty method (very useful reading)".</span>
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